preloading Foundation treatmentTechnology is in the soil self-weight consolidation is not completed or predicted the settlement of the building is too large, in the building load before the application of load on the soil layer, so that the soil consolidation, increase the strength and reduce the later deformation of the treatment of the foundation method. This foundation treatment method is suitable for treating deep soft soil and filling soil foundation, and has the characteristics of fast consolidation, simple construction technology and good effect.

The commonly used preloading foundation treatment methods include drainage preloading, heap preloading,Vacuum preloadingOr in combination. In our country, the soil conditions of the precompression method to strengthen the foundation are lacustrine and Marine sediment silt, silt soil, tailings, fly ash, etc.

On soft soil foundation, if the load acting on the foundation is less than the failure load of the foundation, the pore water pressure of saturated soft clay will dissipate under the load, and the foundation will drain and consolidate, and the shear strength of the soil will be improved accordingly.

Before building construction, the foundation is preloaded in the site to improve the shear strength of the foundation to the design requirements before building; Or using the load of the building itself, graded loading for preloading, until the design load is reached. In the construction of embankment on soft soil foundation, the method of preloading by stages can also be adopted.

Pumping preloading is to discharge the pore water in the soil, increase the effective pressure of the soil, so that the soil layer reconsolidation; Load preloading is to pile loads on the upper layer to consolidate the soil layer under the action of load. Vacuum preloading is the consolidation of soil layer by the difference between pore pressure and atmospheric pressure.

Whether PRELOADING can meet the actual effect of engineering requirements depends on the consolidation characteristics of the soil layer, the thickness of the soil layer, the magnitude of preloading load, and the preloading time. In order to shorten the construction period and reduce the prognostic settlement of buildings, the measures such as overloading preloading and setting drainage sand Wells and drainage boards in the soil are commonly used in engineering.

The effective depth of preloaded reinforced foundation is related to the method of applying preloaded load. The depth of influence of precipitation preloading on precipitation effective preloading load, the depth of influence of heap preloading on heap load, and the depth of influence of vacuum preloading on atmospheric pressure. In general, the depth of effective influence is8m~12m. In the case of good upper soil layer, the influence depth will be reduced due to the "arch" effect of the upper soil layer.

The DESIGN OF PRELOADED FOUNDATION SHOULD BE BASED ON THE SOIL QUALITY, CONSOLIDATION CHARACTERISTICS, soil thickness AND local EXPERIENCE TO SELECT THE PRELOADED method, determine the size OF PRELOADED load, PRELOADED time and the time to shorten the construction period.

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